2023-05-10 14:56:27
（全文共288个词）（红色标注词为考研重点词汇）
But lenders can get around these laws by registering as “credit service organisations”, relocating to other states, or even working with Native American tribes to claim sovereign immunity.
但贷款人可以通过注册为“信用服务组织”，或者迁移到其他州，。
At the federal level, Congress passed the Military Lending Act in 2006, capping loan rates to service members at 36%.
在2006年的联邦一级的国会上通过了“军事贷款法”，限制对军人的贷款利率上限为 36%。
More recently, the Department of Justice launched “Operation Choke Point”, an effort to press banks into severing ties with businesses at risk of money-laundering, payday lenders among them.
最近，，，发薪日贷款公司就位列其中。
But the real crackdown on payday lending could come if the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau (CFPB) , a watchdog, implements new regulations on high-interest loans.
但是，消费者金融保护局（CFPB）在高利息贷款上实施新规定，才能对发薪日贷款造成真正的打击。
The rules include underwriting standards and other restrictions designed to keep borrowers out of debt; the CFPB estimates that they could reduce payday-loan volumes by more than 80%.
这些规则包括承保标准和其他旨在保证借款人还清债务的限制；CFPB估计可以使发薪日贷款的数量减少80%以上。
The threat of regulation may already have had an effect.
。
The Centre for Financial Services Innovation, a non-profit group, reckons that payday-loan volumes have fallen by 18% since 2014; revenues have dropped by 30%.
非营利组织金融服务创新中心认为，自2014年以来，发薪日贷款的数量下降了18%；收益下降了30%。
During the first nine months of 2016, lenders shut more than 500 stores and total employment in the industry fell by 3,600, or 3.5%.
在2016年前九个月，有超过500个贷款点已关闭，行业的就业岗位减少了3600个（即下降了3.5%）。
To avoid the new rules, lenders are shifting away from lump-sum payday loans toward instalment loans, which give borrowers more time to get back on their feet.
为了避开这个新法规，贷款人正从一次总付贷款转向分期贷款，这种类型的贷款给借款人更多的时间还清他们的贷款。
It would be premature to celebrate the demise of payday lenders.
现在就庆祝发薪日贷款的消亡还为时过早。
The Trump administration is likely to block the CFPB's new regulations.
特朗普政府很可能阻止CFPB新规定的实施。
And even if the rules are pushed through, consumers may not be better off.
甚至有观点认为如果新规则通过，消费者们可能并不会过得更好。
Academic research on payday-lending regulation is mixed, with some studies showing benefits, others showing costs, and still others finding no consumer-welfare effects at all.
关于发薪日贷款管理的学术研究观点是复杂的，一些研究认为其有益，另有一些则认为其有损，甚至还有一些研究认为其对消费者福利没有影响。
A forthcoming paper by two economists at West Point concludes that the Military Lending Act yielded “no significant benefits to service members”.
西点军校的两位经济学家在他们即将出版的论文中得出结论，“军事贷款法”对军人来说没有显著的好处。
考研重点词汇：
get around 到处走走；逃避；说服；传开来（等于get round）；有办法应付；有办法应付局面
register ['redʒɪstə] n. 登记；注册；记录；寄存器；登记簿 vt./ vi. 登记；注册；记录
sovereign ['sɒvrɪn] n. 君主；独立国；最高统治者 adj. 至高无上的；；拥有最高统治权的；不折不扣的；极好的
immunity [ɪ'mjuːnɪtɪ] n. 免疫力；豁免权；免除
money-laundering
crackdown ['krækdaʊn] n. ；（美）制裁；强制取缔；惩罚
implement ['ɪmplɪm(ə)nt] n. 工具，器具；手段 vt. 实施，执行；实现，使生效
underwrite [ʌndə'raɪt] vt. 给...保险；承诺支付；签在...下 vi. 经营保险业
instalment [ɪn'stɔːlm(ə)nt] n. 分期付款；装设；就职
premature ['premətjʊə] n. 早产儿；过早发生的事物 adj. 早产的；不成熟的；比预期早的
demise [dɪ'maɪz] n. 死亡，终止；转让；传位 vt. 遗赠；禅让
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