借贷(loans)如何用英语表达?

2023-05-10 14:56:27

When we want to take out a loan (取得贷款) from a bank, we have to complete/fill in/fill out (填写) an application form (申请表) and return it to the bank. In the process, the bank may demand us to disclose relevant personal information such as our earnings and marital status (婚姻状况). In this legal relationship, we are the borrower (借款人) and the bank is the lender (贷款人)

In order to obtain the loan, we often have to find a third party to act as the guarantor (一般保证人) or surety (连带责任保证人) of the loan; alternatively, we may offer our property such as our home or business as security for the loan (作为该债务之抵押)

It may take the bank several working days to process (处理) our loan application. One or several of the staff members of the bank will be authorized (被授权) to review (审查) our application. Once the review is over, our application for the loan may either be approved (批准) or refused (拒绝). In any case, the bank will notify (通知) us of the result by mail, with some additional documents enclosed (附加)

In the event that the bank approves the loan, we will be legally obliged (有义务) to repay (偿还) the loan in accordance with the loan agreement (贷款协议). We may have to make the repayment by/in installments (分期偿还债务)

If we are late in paying the installment on the loan, we will be in arrears|get/fall into arrears (拖欠贷款). Arrears means money that someone owes to another and he/she promised to pay it back by a certain date but didn't. 

For example, in January, Harry took out a loan and agreed to pay it back in monthly installments. Each installment must be paid on the first day of every month. Each installment is $100. If Harry doesn't pay on February 1, he will have arrears of $100. If he doesn't pay again on March 1, he will have arrears of $200. 

How are arrears different from debt? Debt is not necessarily a bad thing. Most people have debt. Arrears are always a bad thing. It means you are not paying back your debt on the agreed date.

When you are in arrears, interest may also be accruing on (逐渐增长) the arrears at a predetermined rate.

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